DOI: https://doi.org/10.17721/2524-048X.2025.31.7

 

Abstract. The purpose of the research is to study the nature and features of general military-technical assistance to Ukraine from the Republic of Poland during the full-scale phase of Russian aggression. The noted problems were only fragmentarily the subject of scientific reflections and require a comprehensive interdisciplinary analysis. The research methodology is based on the principles of scientificity, historicism, systematicity, multifactoriality, objectivity, as well as the use of a comparative approach. In the course of scientific research, the analysis of the problem was carried out with the help of general scientific methods of analysis and synthesis, as well as special methods-historical, historical-comparative, statistical. The scientific novelty lies in the renewed focus on the issues and an attempt at a comprehensive analysis of Polish military-technical assistance to Ukraine during the full-scale Russian-Ukrainian war. Conclusions. The Russian-Ukrainian armed conflict in 2014–2025 has been going on for more than eleven years. It is one of the bloodiest in the last 200 years, and in terms of casualties, it is ahead of the typical modern war. From February 24, 2022, the Russian hybrid aggression turned into a full-scale war phase. Ukraine’s active and successful resistance to the unprovoked Russian attack caused a complex anti-Kremlin reaction all over the world. More than 140 UN member states voted for the General Assembly resolution, which condemned Russia’s aggression and demanded the immediate withdrawal of troops and the restoration of Ukraine’s territorial integrity and sovereignty within the internationally recognized borders of 1991. Poland provided powerful political, humanitarian, economic, financial and military-technical assistance to Ukraine. The level of military aid during the full-scale war covered significant areas of the supply of weapons, ammunition, and equipment for more than four billion euros. Ukraine received almost 400 tanks, several dozen combat planes and helicopters, hundreds of artillery and anti-aircraft installations, as well as machine guns, shells, and medical supplies. Poland plays a major role in supplying Western weapons and military equipment to Ukraine through its territory, repairing damaged equipment at Polish military and defense enterprises. On July 8, 2024, Poland signed an Agreement on Cooperation in the Security Sector with Ukraine, which provides for significant military support and assistance to Ukraine. Military aid to Ukraine from Poland and other partner states made it possible to stop Russian aggression and continue the struggle for the restoration of Ukraine’s full sovereignty. The current and unfinished nature of the Russian-Ukrainian war, the need to take into account the critical importance of military aid for Ukraine, as well as the analysis of its military-technical and military-political influence on the course of the war determine the prospects for further research in the context of the problem.

Keywords: Russian-Ukrainian war 2014–2025, full-scale war phase, Ukraine, the Republic of Poland, partner countries, military-technical assistance, countering aggression.

 

Submitted 10.02.2025

---

Download

---

References:

1. V Ukrayini vykorystovuyutʹ polʹsʹki “Shylky”. Retrieved from: https://mil.in.ua/uk/news/v-ukrayini-vykorystovuyut-polski-shylky/ [In Ukrainian].
2. Vidnosyny mizh Ukrayinoyu i NATO na suchasnomu etapi (2022): dosyahnennya ta vyklyky: zb. nauk. pratsʹ. [In Ukrainian].
3. Vidnyansʹkyy, S.V. (2022). Ukrayina – Yevropeysʹkyy Soyuz: novyy etap vzayemovidnosyn v umovakh rosiysʹko-ukrayinsʹkoyi viyny 2014–2022 rr. Mizhnarodni zvʺyazky Ukrayiny: naukovi poshuky i znakhidky. Kyyiv: In-t istoriyi Ukrayiny NAN Ukrayiny. 31, 10–37. [In Ukrainian].
4. Vidnyansʹkyy, S.V., & Martynov, A.Yu. (2023). Viyna Rosiyi proty Ukrayiny ta mizhnarodne spivtovarystvo. Parlam. vyd-vo. [In Ukrainian].
5. Viyna v Ukrayini mozhe staty odniyeyu iz naykryvavishykh u suchasniy istoriyi, ne rakhuyuchy dvokh svitovykh. Rozbir Washington Post. Retrieved from: https://forbes.ua/inside/viyna-vukraini-mozhe-stati-odnieyu-iz-naykrivavishikh-usuchasniy-istorii-ne-rakhuyuchi-dvokhsvitovikh-rozbir-washington-post-26062022-6803 [In Ukrainian].
6. Heneralʹna uhoda mizh Kabinetom Ministriv Ukrayiny ta Uryadom Respubliky Polʹshcha pro spivrobitnytstvo u sferi oborony. Retrieved from: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/616_002-16#Text [In Ukrainian].
7. Holovni pytannya vzayemyn Polʹshchi i Ukrayiny, yaki treba vyrishuvaty. Ekspertnyy pohlyad. Retrieved from: https://www.holosameryky.com/a/polshcha-ukraina/7449837.html [In Ukrainian].
8. Horbulin, V., & Badrak, V. (2022). Nad prirvoyu. 200 dniv rosiysʹkoyi viyny. Brayt Buks. [In Ukrainian].
9. Horbulin V., & Badrak V. (2024). Rosiysʹka viyna proty Ukrayiny. Yak nareshti rozirvaty chotyrʹokhsotrichne zamknene kolo. Brayt Buks. [In Ukrainian].
10. Hubytskyi L., & Melnyk H. (2024). Viysʹkova dopomoha Respubliky Polʹshcha Ukrayini v umovakh shyrokomasshtabnoho vtorhnennya RF. Mizhnarodni vidnosyny: teoretyko-praktychni aspekty, 14, 123–137. [In Ukrainian].
11. Humenyuk, B. (2022). Viyna Rosiyi proty Ukrayiny: yiyi vplyv na rehionalʹni ta hlobalʹni protsesy. Ukrayina dyplomatychna. Kyyiv, XXIII, 18–30. [In Ukrainian].
12. Demchyshak, R.B. (2024). Polʹsʹko-ukrayinsʹki vidnosyny u period povnomasshtabnoyi fazy rosiysʹko-ukrayinsʹkoyi viyny: bezpekovyy aspekt. Nauk.zhurnal, 5, 147–155. [In Ukrainian].
13. Dmytro Kuleba: Lyublinsʹkyy trykutnyk – tse yaskravyy pryklad novoho trendu mizhnarodnoyi polityky. Retrieved from: https://mfa.gov.ua/news/dmitro-kuleba-lyublinskij-trikutnik-ce-yaskravij-priklad-novogo-trendu-mizhnarodnoyi-politiki [In Ukrainian].
14. Zaluzhnyy, V. Perspektyvy zabezpechennya voyennoyi kampaniyi 2023 roku: ukrayinsʹkyy pohlyad. Retrieved from: https://www.ukrinform.ua/rubric-ato/3566162- ak-zabezpeciti-voennu-kampaniu-u-2023-roci-ukrainskij-poglad.html [In Ukrainian].
15. Kyrydon, A.M. & Troyan, S.S. (2023). Viysʹkovo-tekhnichna dopomoha Ukrayini: rik protydiyi povnomasshtabniy rosiysʹkiy ahresiyi. Viyna: derzhava, suspilʹstvo, osoba. Zbirnyk naukovykh statey (s. 784–804). Instytut istoriyi Ukrayiny. [In Ukrainian].
16. Kyrydon, A.M. & Troyan, S.S. (2023). Zakhid i rosiysʹko-ukrayinsʹka viyna: aspekt viysʹkovo-tekhnichnoyi dopomohy. Ukrayina i svit v umovakh voyennykh vyklykiv (s. 31–45). Sum DPU imeni A. S. Makarenka. [In Ukrainian].
17. Kozatsʹkyy, S. Polʹsʹka viysʹkova dopomoha Ukrayini: bronetekhnika, aviatsiya, boyeprypasy. Retrieved from: https://mil.in.ua/uk/articles/polska-vijskova-dopomoga-ukrayini-bronetehnika-aviatsiya-boyeprypasy/#:~:text= [In Ukrainian].
18. Kompendium polʹsʹkoyi dopomohy Ukrayini (2023). Varshavsʹkyy instytut pidpryyemnytstva. Retrieved from: https://cutt.ly/3evP2HF3 [In Ukrainian].
19. Korolivsʹka bryhada pokazala u diyi polʹsʹku SAU “Hvozdyka”. Retrieved from: https://mil.in.ua/uk/news/korolivska-brygada-pokazala-u-diyi-polsku-sau-gvozdyka/#google_vignette. [In Ukrainian].
20. Polʹshcha uzhe peredala Ukrayini ponad 260 tankiv T-72. Retrieved from: https://mil.in.ua/uk/news/polshha-uzhe-peredala-ukrayini-ponad-260-tankiv-t-72/ [In Ukrainian].
21. Potyekhin, O. (2022). NATO ta povnomasshtabne vtorhnennya RF do Ukrayiny. Ukrayina dyplomatychna. Kyyiv, XXIII, 66–83. [In Ukrainian].
22. Sanzharevsʹkyy, O., Zhovtenko, T., & Troyan, S. (2021). Rehionalʹna bezpeka v Tsentralʹno-Skhidniy Yevropi: vid myrotvorchoho batalʹyonu do ukrayinsʹko-polʹsʹko-lytovsʹkoyi bryhady. Stanovlennya ta rozvytok spivrobitnytstva Ukrayiny z krayinamy Vyshehradsʹkoyi hrupy: kolekt. monohr (s. 172–186). Vydavnychyy dim «Helʹvetyka». [In Ukrainian].
23. Chekhovsʹka, M. (2022). Yevropeysʹkyy vektor viysʹkovo-tekhnichnoho spivrobitnytstva Ukrayiny. Ekonomika i suspilʹstvo, 41. Retrieved from: https://economyandsociety.in.ua/index.php/journal/article/ view/1584/1524 [In Ukrainian].
24. Shemayev, V.M., Behma, V.M., & Sydorenko, S.M. (2018). Priorytety novoyi ideolohiyi viysʹkovotekhnichnoho spivrobitnytstva Ukrayiny z inozemnymy derzhavamy. Nauka i oborona, 4, 49–52. [In Ukrainian].
25. Deklaracja Dudy i żart Zełenskiego na wspólnej konferencji. Retrieved from: https://tvn24.pl/swiat/ukraina-konferencja-prezydentow-deklaracja-dudy-i-zart-zelenskiego-st8056132 [In Polish].
26. Grain dispute: how Poland and Ukraine can reach a solution. Retrieved from: https://euromaidanpress.com/2023/09/24/grain-dispute-how-poland-and-ukraine-can-reach-a-solution/ [In English].
27. Hofmann, F. Broń dla Ukrainy: Transport i naprawa pod Rzeszowem. Retrieved from: https://www.dw.com/pl/bro%C5%84-dla-ukrainy-transport-i-naprawa-pod-rzeszowem/a-63223619 [In Polish].
28. Jędraszczyk, K. (2010). Strategiczne partnerstwo ukraińsko-polskie: Polska w polityce niepodległej Ukrainy. Wydawnictwo Poznańskie. [In Polish].
29. Kamińska, A. Ogromna pomoc Polski dla Ukrainy w ciągu roku rosyjskiej agresji. Nasz kraj w światowej czołówce. Retrieved from: https://polskieradio24.pl/artykul/3123888,ogromna-pomoc-polski-dla-ukrainy-w-ciagu-roku-rosyjskiej-agresji-nasz-kraj-w-swiatowej-czolowce [In Polish].
30. Kucharski, B., Materniak D., & Zamelek P. Polish-ukrainian military industry cooperation. The rising military industry power? Retrieved from: https://pulaski.pl/en/polish-ukrainian-military-industry-cooperation-the-rising-military-industry-power/ [In Polish].
31. Niedziński, B. Polskie miasto uznane globalnym centrum pomocy Ukrainie przez “Financial Times”. Retrieved from: https://forsal.pl/swiat/ukraina/artykuly/8698777,polskie-miasto-uznane-globalnym-centrum-pomocy-ukrainie-przez-financial-times.html [In Polish].
32. Partnerstwo strategiczne Polski i Ukrainy w warunkach zmiany systemu międzynarodowego. Punkt widzenia Polski i Ukrainy (2024). [In Polish].
33. Pierwsza rocznica utworzenia Trójkąta Lubelskiego. Retrieved from: https://www.gov.pl/web/dyplomacja/pierwsza-rocznica-utworzenia-trojkata-lubelskiego [In Polish].
34. Polacy o Ukrainie i stosunkach polsko-ukraińskich 2024. Badanie. Retrieved from: https://mieroszewski-pl.translate.goog/wiedza/badania-opinii-publicznej/polacy-o-ukrainie?_x_tr_sl=pl&_x_tr_tl=uk&_x_tr_hl=uk&_x_tr_pto=mk [In Polish].
35. Polska i Ukraina podpisały umowę o bezpieczeństwie. Spotkanie Tusk-Zełenski. Rzeczpospolita. Retrieved from: https://www.rp.pl/polityka/art40780521-polska-i-ukraina-podpisaly-umowe-o-bezpieczenstwie-spotkanie-tusk-zelenski [In Polish].
36. Pomoc Polski dla Ukrainy w dwa lata po wybuchu wojny. Retrieved from: https://www.gov.pl/web/japonia/PomocPolskidlaUkrainywdwalatapowybuchuwojny [In Polish].
37. Porozumienie o współpracy w dziedzinie bezpieczeństwa pomiędzy Rzecząpospolitą Polską a Ukrainą od 08 lipca 2024 roku. Retrieved from: https://www.gov.pl [In Polish].
38. Prezydent Duda: przekazaliśmy Ukrainie ponad tysiąc sztuk ciężkiego sprzętu. Retrieved from: https://www.pap.pl/aktualnosci/prezydent-duda-przekazalismy-ukrainie-ponad-tysiac-sztuk-ciezkiego-sprzetu [In Polish].
39. Prezydent uchyla rąbka tajemnicy o pomocy militarnej na rzecz Ukrainy. Retrieved from: https://biznesalert.pl/ukraina-bron-wojna-andrzejduda-czolgi/ [In Polish].
40. Spotkanie Duda-Trump. Biały Dom: „Potwierdziło nasz bliski sojusz”. Retrieved from: https://www.rp.pl/dyplomacja/art41837531-spotkanie-duda-trump-bialy-dom-potwierdzilo-nasz-bliski-sojusz [In Polish].
41. Surmacz, B. (2002). Współczesne stosunki polsko-ukraińskie. Politologiczna analiza traktatu o dobrym sąsiedztwie. [In Polish].
42. Trójkąt Lubelski / Polska Litwa Ukraina. Retrieved from: https://www.umcs.pl/pl/inicjatywa-opis-,22352.htm [In Polish].
43. Wspólna Deklaracja Ministrów Spraw Zagranicznych Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej, Republiki Litewskiej i Ukrainy w sprawie ustanowienia Trójkąta Lubelskiego Lublin, 28 lipca 2020 r. Retrieved from: https://phavi.umcs.pl/at/attachments/2021/0803/114847-wspolna-deklaracja-pl-lt-ua-wersja-pl-1.pdf [In Polish].
44. Wystąpienia ministra Radosława Sikorskiego na Zgromadzeniu Ogólnym ONZ i Radzie Bezpieczeństwa. Retrieved from: https://www.gov.pl/attachment/2a98878a-65f8-4d79-a60a-9d41f6b34be6 [In Polish].
45. Zaborowski, M. Polska–Ukraina, czyli najważniejsza relacja nowoczesnej Europy. Rzeczpospolita. Retrieved from: https://www.rp.pl/opinie-polityczno-spoleczne/art39697371-marcin-zaborowski-polska-ukraina-czyli-najwazniejsza-relacja-nowoczesnej-europy [In Polish].